10 Steps To Master Telepathy – Mind To Mind Communication by Abhishek Agarwal
The word “Telepathy” has been derived from the words “Tele” meaning “Distance” and “Pathy” meaning “Feeling”. So Telepathy actually means getting feelings through a distance. To elaborate, Telepathy is the communication between two minds, separated over a distance, without the use of the five known senses.
At some point or the other, we all have experienced Telepathy. Maybe you were thinking of someone you haven’t talked to in months and you suddenly get a call from him. Or when two people are together, they might say the same thing at the same time. These are spontaneous mind-to-mind communication. Such Telepathy that tends to occur frequently between closely related individuals.
In this article we will go through the steps required to practice voluntary Telepathy. Here are the steps:
1. Sender And Receiver :
We will need two people. One will be the Sender, who will attempt to transmit thoughts; the other will be the Receiver, who will attempt to receive the thoughts transmitted by the Sender. Prior to the experiment, decide clearly if you are going to be the Sender or the Receiver. If you don’t, you both might end up being Receivers or Senders! Avoid that confusion.
For this article, we will assume that you are the Sender.
2. Belief :
First of all, it is very important that the Sender and the Receiver both believe that Telepathy is possible. Even if the belief is not 100%, an open-minded attitude is a must. In fact, it is best if the participants not only believe in Telepathy, but also actually deeply desire it to occur. If you are a skeptic, and if the doors of your mind are closed, you will get very poor results.
3. Physical Relaxation :
Telepathy is most effective when the Sender and the Receiver are both totally relaxed physically. Also, being in positive health makes you concentrate better. Try not to practice when you are unwell.
Relax yourself using any relaxation method you find best. You can either breathe deeply a couple of times, or use the progressive relaxation method.
4. Mental Relaxation :
Clear your mind of unwanted thoughts. Make your mind tranquil. Let thoughts come and go, but don’t get attached to them. Focus on your purpose. Since you are the Sender, your focus will be to send your thoughts across. Your partner, the Receiver should focus his mind to be receptive to your thoughts.
Make sure that both of you do not have any distractions around. A disturbed environment will be detrimental to your progress. A calm and quiet environment will give maximum results
5. Visualization :
Before beginning the transmission, it is important that the previous steps are well followed. They will set up the foundation for your success.
With your eyes shut, visualize a very clear picture of the Receiver. Imagine that he is a few feet away from you. Visualize him in full color. Feel that he is actually there. If you want, you can even look at a colored picture of him before the experiment. This will help you visualize him properly.
Now imagine a silver tube connecting your mind and his mind. This tube is the channel through which your thoughts would be communicated to him. Visualize this tube to be full of energy. Know in your heart that this tube is very effective and will do the job well.
Please note that visualizing the tube is not a must. It is just a very effective aid to help you focus and gives your thoughts a well-defined direction. Instead of this tube, you can even visualize that you are talking to your friend over the telephone.
6. Transmission :
Now imagine that your thoughts are being transmitted through the tube - from your mind to his mind. If you are thinking of transmitting a mental picture of an apple, visualize a bright, red, juicy apple traveling across our tube. Make the picture as vivid as possible. Charge the apple with emotion. Believe that Telepathy is real. Desire that your thoughts reach your friend. Imagine the feeling you will have when you succeed. This is very crucial. Emotions are a very powerful trigger and give excellent results. Very often, Telepathy experiments fail because the thoughts lack emotional charge.
Make sure you do not strain yourself to send the thought. You have to be relaxed and composed.
7. When to stop :
While you are sending your thoughts, there will be a moment when you will have a strong feeling that the thought has been transmitted. This is an unmistakable feeling that cannot be faked. Whenever you get such a feeling, the job is done. This might take a few seconds to several minutes. If even after 15 minutes, you do not get this feeling, you can abandon the experiment and try at a later date. Trying further will not help much because your mind would be exhausted.
8. The Receiver :
Throughout the experiment, the Receiver should keep his mind blank and should try to receive the thoughts being sent by you. He should avoid trying too hard. Forcing himself to sense what you are thinking will sabotage your attempts. His mind will be most receptive when he is relaxed and at ease.
He will get several impressions coming to his mind. He should keep a pen and paper next to him, and note down whatever thoughts come to his mind. He will probably feel that he is making things up. But that’s ok. This is how Telepathy works.
9. Compare results :
Once you are through with your experiments, compare your results. Check all the impressions that the Receiver has written down. Does it contain the thought that you tried to transmit? The more you practice, the more accurate results you will get.
10. Repeat the experiment :
You should then repeat the experiment - either immediately or at a later date. If you have got some success, your confidence would be quite high and you would want to repeat it immediately. But if there was no success, do not get discouraged and try the next day. Regular practice sessions are a must, because only consistency will make you better.
You should also alternate between being the Receiver and the Sender. This will tell you what you are better at - Receiving or Sending.
General Tips :
Keep it short :
Keep your experiments short, maybe 15 minutes or less. This will prevent boredom and fatigue. Your Telepathic ability is at its peak when you feel most energized.
Have Patience :
One of the most important conditions of experimental telepathic work is patience. Don’t be discouraged if you do not find much success initially. Any psychic experiment, including Telepathy, takes some practice before you see results. Once you practice for a few days, you will start getting more successes.
Stay aware from skeptics :
Skeptics have got one purpose in life: To sidetrack believers. Stay away from such people because they will put doubt in your mind and will dampen your spirits. Your results prove to you that Telepathy works. Skeptics will not help you much. Sharing your results with them will only discourage and hinder your accomplishments.
Only try to share your experiences with like-minded people, people who are positive and encouraging.
Conclusion :
Exploring your own Telepathic abilities is an incredible journey. Although it will be fun and exciting, developing a strong foundation will take time and patience. Never expect too much success in the beginning.
But the good news is that Telepathy can be learned and cultivated very easily. With regular practice you will become a Telepathy adept! You will always be correct in sending and receiving messages, with astounding clarity and accuracy.
Copyright Abhishek Agarwal. To know more about Telepathy, visit the Abhishek's Paranormal Den, http://www.astralprojectnow.com. You can also download his exhaustive FREE 167-Pages ebook on Astral Projection.
Article Source: Spiritual New Age Enlightenment Directory
2008年4月24日 星期四
10 Steps To Master Telepathy – Mind To Mind Communication
2008年4月23日 星期三
投資高鐵未必贏 放棄興建一定輸
(明報) 04月 23日 星期三 05:05AM
【明報專訊】港府公布投資395億元，興建港深廣高速鐵路 （下稱高鐵）香港段，據文件顯示，港府在服務經營費方面的收益，未能收回全部投資額，也就是說，對於港府而言，這是一項蝕本投資。不過即使如此，我們認為港府的決定正確，因為如果沒有高鐵與全國的鐵路網連接，本港在全國整體格局會邊緣化，處境更為不利。
高鐵貫通全國 防邊緣化
要了解香港非建高鐵不可，需要先了解全國鐵路的整體格局。內地在「十一‧五」期間，將建設1.7萬公里鐵路新線，其中客運專線7000公里，這些客運專線主要有京滬、京廣、京哈、瀋大、隴海等，列車時速將是達到200至300公里的高速鐵路。日前總理溫家寶 親自為北京 至上海 的京滬高鐵主持動工儀式，可見中央對於建設高鐵之重視。據知內地高鐵網的規劃，最終長達1.2萬公里，而本港毗鄰的廣深段高鐵已於2005年底動工。
內地一些中心城市的規劃，是在方圓1000平方公里範圍內，以高速公路和鐵路交通，打造1小時或3小時的經濟生活圈，近年廣東加大在公路和鐵路建設的投入，就是要鞏固廣州作為華南主要中心城市的地位。未來高鐵飛馳於960萬平方公里的中國大地，將會成為事實，如果香港無高鐵，經鐵路南來的人流、物流將及深圳 而止，香港會邊緣化。因此香港要與內地加強融合，就不能沒有高鐵。
香港興建高鐵，首先是加強與廣東的經濟聯繫，促進相互繁榮。廣東方面已經確立加快粵港經濟一體化的戰略部署，香港方面則朝珠三角 大整合的目標發展。粵港透過更緊密經貿關係安排（CEPA ），構築大珠三角經濟圈，已是必然之路，而經濟一體化，首要有足夠交通基建設施，延宕多時的港珠澳大橋 拍板，到港深廣高鐵的興建，都是交通運輸能力符合實際需要的發展。
另外，港深廣高鐵將來直達廣州，如果安排得當可以直達武漢、泉州、四川 、重慶、江西等地方，將來從香港出發到內地1000公里以內的地方，乘火車會比搭飛機更有效率，因為乘火車只需要兩三個小時。港深廣高鐵建成後，港府官員認為不僅能即時創造香港至廣州的1小時生活圈，在10年至20年後，更可望將九加二（即泛珠9省及港澳地區）經濟區方圓1000公里的城巿全部連接起來，創造「3小時經濟圈」。因此，以現在內地與本港人民往來的形態而言，高鐵應該沒有建造的必要，但是從確保香港在華南經濟高速發展中保有一席之地，類如廣深港高鐵，就必須興建。
加強粵港協調 爭取雙贏
據港府的文件顯示，港深廣高鐵日後交由港鐵公司營運50年，港府則收取服務經營費，預計50年經營期間，整筆服務經營費約281億元，與投資350億元相比，這是一筆蝕本投資。港府估計到2016年，港深廣高鐵每日客運量為9.9萬人次，到2023年增至每日12萬人次，我們認為這樣的估計偏於保守。因為這是按目前本港和內地的經濟差距、兩地人民往來的模式為預測基礎，但是12年之後，內地全面小康社會已經建設完成，與本港形成經濟生活圈的方圓1000公里地方，人均收入肯定早已超過3000美元 ，在這樣的經濟基礎下，人民往來會有怎樣的量變和質變，目前根本無從估計，港府可以做的是，以基建把香港與廣東緊密連接起來，做好迎接轉變的準備。因此，就算是蝕本，一些基建項目還是要興建，以確保本港不致邊緣化。
本港回歸初期，個別政府高官抗拒與內地融合，蹉跎了10年，致使本港在粵港跨境基建上延誤了最好時機。這10年間，廣東撇下香港的拖拖拉拉，灑開大步，開創出一片天地，在華南整體交通規劃中，廣州已經搶佔先機，香港現在能夠做的，只是盡量配合而已，例如港深廣高鐵，現在的作用只是作為接駁線，把乘客送到龍華或石壁終站，乘客在廣州集散，相關利益就不關香港的事了。日後只有倚賴港鐵公司，營運好高鐵，盡量發揮和提高其效益。
由此可知，盡早了解廣東基建、廣東產業發展、轉型和提升方向，是如何重要。港府已經取得中央點頭，得以及早參與「十二‧五」規劃涉及香港的部分，這是一個進步，但是我們認為，港府更應該盡早知道廣東的規劃，盡早協調與粵港有關的事務，才不致重蹈過去10年的覆轍。新任廣東省委書記汪洋在粵港合作方面有新思維，而且積極推動，港珠澳大橋能夠拍板，就是一例，我們認為港府應該趁此多採主動，與廣東加強磋商協調，以擺脫現在只是從後追趕的被動狀。
香港人工魚礁
行政會議通過在外牛尾海及大灘海水域敷設人工魚礁的建議，以保護這兩個重要的魚類育苗區和增加香港水域的漁業資源。
簡述有關工程影響範圍的兩張批准公告於今日（七月二十七日）出版的憲報刊登。
漁農自然護理署（漁護署）發言人表示，有關工程將於今年九月展開，預計於二○○三年二月完成。
發言人說：「近年，過度捕撈及沿岸發展令本港水域的漁業資源大為減少。如不及時採取行動改善近岸地區的情況，則會對本地漁業的可持續發展和我們在保護海洋方面所作出的努力有不良影響。」
「過去數年，漁護署在三個海岸公園敷設人工魚礁，結果清楚顯示人工魚礁在增加漁業資源方面的成效。人工魚礁四周的生物多樣性及有商業價值魚類的數量，均比在附近的天然岩岸區所見的高許多，至今在人工魚礁共錄得超過一百三十五個魚類品種。」
「漁護署提議在外牛尾海及大灘海敷設人工魚礁的地點均為重要的產卵及育苗場。經廣泛諮詢後，這兩個建議的地點均獲環保團體、西貢北鄉事委員會及大多數在區內作業的非拖網漁民支持。」
任何人如認為他所擁有在該前濱及海床或其上的權益、權利或地役權會受到上述工程的損害性影響，可於二○○二年七月二十七日前，向地政總署署長交付一份申索書，要求補償。地政總署署長的地址為香港北角渣華道三百三十三號北角政府合署二十樓。申索書須連同他所管有的詳情以證實其申索，並須述明他願意接受為完全及最終解決其申索的款額。
外牛尾海水域工程的批准公告和編號SKM 5028b的圖則，存放在香港北角渣華道三百三十三號北角政府合署二十三樓地政總署測繪處及新界西貢親民街三十四號西貢政府合署二樓西貢民政事務處，供公眾人士查閱。
此外，大灘海水域工程的批准公告和編號TPM3582d的圖則，則存放於地政總署測繪處及新界大埔汀角路一號大埔政府合署地下大埔民政事務處諮詢服務中心，供公眾人士查閱。
有用的網址 :
- Hong Kong Artificial Reef Project Web Site http://www.artificial-reef.net/main2.htm
- UBC - Fisheries Centre http://www.fisheries.ubc.ca/
- FISHBASE http://www.fishbase.org/search.cfm
- Hong Kong Fish Net http://www.hk-fish.net/
- ECOPATH http://www.ecopath.org/
- EARRN http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/soes/research/groups/EARRN/
- ERM-HK http://www.erm.com/erm/loc/erm_hong_kong.nsf
You realy can Think and Grow Rich
Napoleon Hill discovered the 13 things a person needs to do in order to succeed at anything he decides to do . This philosophy was used by some of the most successful people in history including Henry Ford , William Wrigley Jr. ,Thomas Edison . This just a few of the men that used this philosophy to achieve great success in their lives . Nine of those principles are -
1. Desire You have to have a burning desire to succeed at what ever you choose . This is the first step toward riches . Edwin C Barnes had a burning desire to go into a partnership with Thomas Edison , it took five years but Barnes never gave up until his idea ( a thought ) became a reality.
2. Faith Faith is a profound belief or trust in a particular truth . To succeed at anything we first have to have faith , we have to believe we can succeed . Faith is one of the most positive emotions . All thoughts that have been emotionalized and mixed with faith will become reality.
3. Autosuggestion Autosuggestion is a process by which an individual trains the subconscious mind to believe something . Autosuggestion is most commonly accomplished by presenting ones mind with repetitive thoughts (negative or positive), until those thoughts become internalized. Practitioners typically hope to transmute thoughts into beliefs, and even into actualities. Visualizing the manifestations of a belief, verbally affirming it, and thinking it using ones "internal voice", are typical means of influencing ones mind via repetitive autosuggestion.
4. Specialized Knowledge KNOWLEDGE will not attract money, unless it is organized, and intelligently directed, through the right PLAN OF ACTION . It becomes power when, organized into definite plans of action, and directed to a definite end. Successful people never stop acquiring specialized knowledge related to his or her field of work .
5.Imagination Imagination is the ability to form mental images , within ones own mind. Mental images ( Ideas ) are the starting point for riches . Whatever we can imagine in our mind we can create . It only takes one good idea to become a millionaire , Just look at Coca cola , it all started as a idea in some ones mind mixed with desire and faith that idea became reality .
6.Organized planning Before you can succeed at meeting a goal you have to have a plan of action . Write down the things you need to do in order to met your goal.
7.Decision People who fail have the habit of making decisions slowly , changing their decisions quickly and often. Make your decisions quickly and change them slowly .
8. Persistence In order to meet your goal you will have to have persistence . Stay focused and never stop until you meet your goal .
9. Power of the master mind A mastermind is the coordination of Knowledge, effort and resources in a spirit of harmony between two or more people for the attainment of a definite purpose.
Yes we can Think And Grow Rich , In the last century, the principles in this book have been behind many, many fortunes. Whatever The Mind of Man Can CONCEIVE and BELIEVE it can ACHIEVE !
About the Author
Jame Rawlins is a MasterMind Consultant studying 'The NEW Think and Grow Rich ' with Ted Ciuba , Andrew Cocks and Terry Zambri . To claim your FREE access and learn how you too can earn thousands of dollars giving away FREE NEW Think and Grow Rich MasterMinds, Visit http://www.jamesrawlins.com/
Four Steps To Creating Wealth In Network Marketing
1. Positive Mental Attitude
Success is achieved and maintained by those who try and keep on trying with Positive Mental Attitude . In Network Marketing your attitude is probably eighty percent of your success. Your attitude is the outward expression of everything that you are, and everything that you have become over the course of your lifetime. Your attitude has the greatest single impact on the people that you deal with. The development of a positive mental attitude is the indispensable requirement for great success in your field.
2. Brand YourSelf as a Leader
If you want to make it in network marketing ,you will have to Become a leader . People do not join business, they Join You ! People are attracted to people with Leadership Qualities .you are the face of your business, so are you out building your own personal brand identity in order to get your business noticed? Or are you Working in the business' instead of on it? Are you actively building a position for yourself as an expert in your field? Are you passionate about what you and your business have to offer and is your passion contagious?
3. Training
In the Olympics or any other professional sporting profession, there comes a need for a coach. Someone who knows the ins and outs of the profession. Top businessmen allso rely on coaches. And if you are in In the Olympics or any other professional sporting profession, there comes a need for a coach. Someone who knows the ins and outs of the profession. Top businessmen also rely on coaches. And if you are in Network Marketing and want to be the best, why not get a Network Marketing trainer and get Network Marketing training? I also recomend you read some books that can change your thinking .Think and Grow rich , Success Through a positive mantal attitude , By Napolean Hill . These books will help you develope the leadership skills you will need to become a leader . Then it will be your job to train you new prospects to be leaders .
4. Action
This is where most network marketers fail , they join a opportunity and get all excited about all the money their going to make . But they never take any kind of action . Here is the truth : Its not that you cant do something . It's just that you realy don't want to ! You Have to take Action ! Action and Motivation are the heart of personal development and your Network Marketing success. Without sufficient self motivation it will become impossible for you to succeed. You are guaranteed to experience times when your self-confidence is shaken, you feel the task is beyond your abilities and you beat yourself up for making mistakes. Move on. It is part of creating business and you will have to face these issues whether it is your first attempt or even if you have been in the MLM business online for years. Changes happen fast on the Internet and that includes changes to businesses. One day you will be amazing yourself at the success you and your team have .
About the Author
How To Generate Easy Internet Income
Here is how you can do it to ! The answer is article marketing ! Click bank and article marketing when combined can be used to earn a great income online .You can use article marketing to generate great targeted traffic . This method will allow anybody with a computer and a internet connection to earn easy internet income . You do not need your own product, you do not even need a website . All you do need is a click bank account and enough desire to set down and write some article's . The first thing you should is open a click bank account if you do not already have one . Your username will be used in your hop link . That is how click bank track's your sales . Now let's get ready for some easy internet income. Now you should go to the click bank market place and pick a product . They have thousand's of product's for you to choose from . Try to pick something your interested in or know about . You should also pick product's that pay a higher commissions .
Now here is where we fuel the engine for our easy internet income machine . You should have picked a product already . Just say you picked a product on weight loss , you should now do some research on weight loss and take some note's . Now where going to write a article on weight loss . It does not have to be a long complicated article 300 to 500 word's should do fine . Keep your article simple and write like you talk . Your article should have a keyword density of 1% to 2.5 % . Now all we have to do is submit our article to some article directories . Two of my favorite directories are Ezine Articles and Go Articles Google love's these two directories ! You can also do a search on google to find more directories to submit your article's to . Article marketing is a proven strategy . When done correctly it can generate some easy internet income . It takes some work but the reward's are worth the effort Doing this right will put you on top of the search engines when someone searches for your keyword . This means more traffic to your affiliate site which will mean more money in you pocket. The whole concept of article marketing targets your audience and provides that audience with the information they seek. After they have been impressed by the information they have read, they click through to your web site and your site should close the sale. Just remember if you do nothing you get nothing so get started soon . what ever you do in life you should start with purpose and a positive mental attitude , then take action and have faith in what ever it is your doing !
About the Author
Jame Rawlins is a MasterMind Consultant studying 'The NEW Think and Grow Rich ' with Ted Ciuba , Andrew Cocks and Terry Zambri . To claim your FREE access and learn how you too can earn thousands of dollars giving away FREE NEW Think and Grow Rich MasterMinds, Visit http://www.JamesRawlins.com
Making Money on Internet , Using Article Marketing
Article Writing Basic's
1.Write keyword rich articles's and submit them to high ranking directories like ezinearticles.com. You should use your keywords throughout your article .
2.Start out with about 300-700 words based around one highly targeted keyword. Use keyword density of around 1% - 2%. Place keyword in title , introduction and scatter through article body.
3.Use easy format's like tip's , or top ten list .You should also make your article easy to read ,write in plain english - don't use big fancy word's . Be sure to include your url in your bio box.
Doing this right will put you on top of the search engines when someone searches for your keyword . This means more traffic to your affiliate site which will mean more money in you pocket. The whole concept of article marketing targets your audience and provides that audience with the information they seek. After they've been impressed by the information they've read, they click through to your web site and your site should close the sale. This stategy make's making money on internet a breeze !
About the Author
Jame Rawlins is a MasterMind Consultant studying 'The NEW Think and Grow Rich ' with Ted Ciuba , Andrew Cocks and Terry Zambri . To claim your FREE access and learn how you too can earn thousands of dollars giving away FREE NEW Think and Grow Rich MasterMinds, Visit http://www.JamesRawlins.com
3 Tools for Affiliate Marketing Success
Important Tool #1: Your Own Website
The most important and needed tool in Affiliate Marketing is your own website. The first step in any champion affiliate marketing business is building a good, dependable and professional looking website. Your website is the jump off spot of all your marketing accomplishments. Thus, you must first build a user-friendly website, which will appeal to your prospects and encourage them to click on the links to the products and service you are promoting and make a purchase. Therefore, you must first concentrate your efforts in building a website that will cater to what your prospects need.
The most important thing you should allow for is that almost all web users go online to look for information, not necessarily to go and buy something. Beyond all else, make your website full of original, relevant and useful content. People will love articles that are appealing and helpful. Keep in mind that, in the internet, content is still king and good quality content will not only build your credibility, it can also help you achieve a higher search engine ranking. By posting relevant and useful articles, you establish yourself as a dependable expert in the field, making you a more trustworthy promoter of the product or service you promote. Creating a good reputation is a good step in building up a devoted customer base.
Important Tool #2: Incentives
Competition is exceedingly tight in the internet world. You must consistently be one-step ahead of your rivals to guarantee that you capture a significant share of your target market. Therefore, you must use every possible means to encourage people not only to visit your site but also to click and continue to the websites of the products and services you are promoting. Building an opt-in email list is one of the best ways to gather prospects. Make available a newsletter or an e-zine. Better yet, offer incentives to your prospects to encourage them to subscribe to your newsletters. You can present free access to exclusive services and other freebies that will be helpful to your prospects.
Critical Tool #3: Link Popularity
The importance of driving highly targeted traffic to your website cannot be emphasized enough. The all-critical web traffic is at the top of the list of the most critical entities in the internet world. Attracting people to your site should be the first step you should carry out. Do everything to achieve a high search engine ranking. Link Popularity is one of the factors that search engines use to decide search engine rankings. So, to enhance your link popularity, you must launch an aggressive reciprocal link campaign.
One of the best ways to do this - at no cost at all - is by submitting articles, with your website's link at the resource box, to e-zines and free article sites. You will not only gain exposure, you will also have the opportunity to advertise for free, just include a link back to your site. The more sites you submit your articles to, the better your link popularity is. Make your articles original, relevant and useful so that more websites will pick it up and post it.
These are but three of the many tools that an affiliate marketer can use to build up earning potential. The possibilities are endless and are limited only by your imagination, creativity, resourcefulness and determination. You can always explore other ideas and add other strategies, which you determine could help you develop into a high rolling affiliate marketer.
About the Author
Jame Rawlins is a MasterMind Consultant studying 'The NEW Think and Grow Rich ' with Ted Ciuba , Andrew Cocks and Terry Zambri . To claim your FREE access and learn how you too can earn thousands of dollars giving away FREE NEW Think and Grow Rich MasterMinds, Visit http://www.JamesRawlins.com
The Technical Side of Book Creation
There are many ways to make self-created books, ranging from the cheap and easy to the expensive and time-consuming. Some printing shops will be happy to help us, but why not save money by doing everything ourselves with the children?
Here are some areas to consider:
* Photos: These can be used instead of or in addition to drawings.
* Collage: Another alternative to drawing is to cut out pictures and make a collage.
* Paper: Thicker paper will last longer and colored paper will add variety.
* Printing: Computers offer a wide range of fonts, font sizes and colors, not to mention graphics that come with basic computer software or can be downloaded from the Internet. In addition, dads can print the words on computer, leave space for drawing, and then children can add drawings or other graphics, such as cutouts from magazines, by hand.
* Covers: These should be especially strong and durable. For example, dads can reuse cardboard. In addition, they can use thick plastic for the cover.
* Binding: Many easy ideas can work as below:
a. The simplest thing to do is to make a book by folding a piece of paper.
b. Equally easy is to put several pieces of paper together and use staples along the left side of the paper.
c. Bookshops and stationery shops offer folders and files.
d. Another popular idea is to punch holes along the left side of the paper, thread colorful yarn through the holes and then tie the pieces of yarn. Metal rings can also be placed through the holes.
About the Author
Dr. George Jacobs, Ph.D., is the author of many books (including "The Read Aloud Guide", textbooks for teachers and students, curriculum guides, and children's storybooks).
For more information visit :- http://www.greatdad.com/category/430/read-aloud.html
Digital Photography Tutorial for Stunning Sunset Pictures
To get professional looking photos do what the greats do. You have to try and capture the atmosphere of the scene. Like mountains, trees or anything that can add depth to the scene. By doing this you create a silhouette of the foreground, which gives the photo a dark and moody effect. Most camera have an option for taking sunset pictures built in, which will give you the correct exposure. Consult your owners manuel for detail instructions.
Wait for the sun to be out of view. By obscuring the sun with an object in the scene you will create the silhouette effect. This creates less extreme lighting and will give you better flow between the background and foreground.
When taking portraitures, faces will look better if you use a flash. Try to use white balancing techniques in this situation. Setting your white balance to daylight manually will create warm tones with reds and yellows, which is the effect you want.
As always if you're using a digital camera take several pictures and use different techniques. Move the camera to different positions especially keeping it at ground level, which will capture more of the foreground a make it appear as if you are in the photo.
By : Lonnie Kunkel
Feeding Tropical Fishes on Dried Foods and Flake
Calcium and Phosphorous can be found in fishmeal, which is a major ingredient in fish flakes; these two components are particularly important for the development of a fish's bony skeleton. Not all foods are designed as a staple diet. Some foods such as: dried daphnia, bloodworms, or tubifex worms, as well as live and frozen foods do not necessarily contain all the vitamins and trace elements.
They are fine to supplement a staple diet, but should not be the only food you feed to your fishes; otherwise you will be faced with dietary problems developing through deficiencies of these components. These problems can be corrected by regular feeding with a high quality flake food.
The major manufacturers of dry fish foods will have formulated their flakes from natural ingredients, which will include vegetable matter; therefore there will be sufficient quantities of all the important trace elements.
Most manufacturers display a list of ingredients as well as a typical analysis on their packaging; you should look for this label when buying food for your fishes. It's the foods that are labelled as complete balanced diets that you need to look for.
The typical analysis of a good quality flake food for a general diet, i.e. fishes that like a mixed diet (Omnivore), should read something like:
Protein 35 per cent Fat 2 - 5 per cent Fibre 3 - 8 per cent
The typical analysis of a good quality flake food for Carnivorous fishes, i.e. meat eaters, should read something like:
Protein over 45 per cent Fat 3 - 6 per cent Fibre 2 - 4 per cent
The typical analysis of a good quality flake food, or a tablet or wafer type food for Herbivore fishes, i.e. vegetarians, should read something like:
Protein 15 per cent Fat 1 - 3 per cent Fibre 5 - 10 per cent
However you will be hard pushed to find flake food with such a low fat content as these guide figures. So you will have to compromise between flakes that are as low as possible in fat content, find flakes that your fishes will take readily, and decide on a product that you are happy with.
As with all animals, fat is very unhealthy, even more so for fishes. I'm sure that you are aware of what happens to fat when it gets cold, it turns into a solid. Do you see my point? Fishes are cold-blooded animals!
Therefore, the fat that is consumed by the fish will coagulate more readily and lead to fatty deposits in the tissues, which in turn will cause degeneration of internal organs such as the liver. I would not be overly concerned by feeding my fishes with flakes of a reputable well known manufacturer.
As with most foods, either animal or human, there is little to indicate how rich the food is in vitamins. There is usually a list of vitamins on the label, but this, as a rule, doesn't mean very much to a normal person reading it.
Having said that, I've been using dried and flake foods for about twenty-five years, and my fishes have always been lively, colourful, and healthy. My experience shows, with confidence, that you can provide your fishes with dried, and flake foods which have an adequate quantity of all the vitamins, minerals, and trace elements, as well as all the other necessary ingredients that are needed for a staple diet.
About the Author
Feeding Tropical Fishes - Live, Vegetable, and Other Types of Food
Most species of fish will thrive on live foods, most of which can be purchased from your local aquatic store. Live food that is fed to your fishes should be bought, or cultured if you know how too. Live food that has been caught from the wild, for example, a garden pond, could introduce diseases into the aquarium.
Daphnia are small crustaceans, and are sometimes referred to as water fleas, although they are not really fleas at all. They can be found in ponds during spring and summer, and are often sold in aquatic shops. They don't have a great food value, but fishes love them, and your fishes will certainly keep fit chasing around catching them.
Bloodworm are the larvae of midges and are very nutritious, they can be found at the bottom of ponds or even small puddles. You may have seen them as small wriggling red worm-like creatures about half an inch (1.3cms) in length, almost anywhere that holds any amount of water.
Tubifex worms live in the muddiest and dirtiest of conditions, so it may seem surprising that they are recommended as food at all. Nonetheless it is a popular choice when it comes to fish treats, although fish should not be fed too much or too often with tubifex because of the high albumen (protein) content.
Earthworms provide an excellent food, and are full of albumen, making them suitable for the larger fishes, such as large Cichlids. One reason why they are not used as often as one might think, is the fact that they have to be chopped up, before giving them to the fish.
You could try your local fishing tackle shop for these; otherwise, if you obtain your own, make sure you thoroughly clean them in fresh water. Before they can be fed to your fishes you must place them in a box and allow enough time for them to clear out their intestinal tract of sand, keep them moist.
There are many fishes whose main or only diet consists of vegetable foods. Many Catfishes belong in this category, along with some Livebearing species, and some Carps and Minnows. You usually find that these types of fishes are particularly fond of algae, and some Catfishes especially, can often be seen rasping on objects in the aquarium, and even on the aquarium glass itself where algae has grown.
As long as this algae is not out of control it can be safely left in the aquarium for these fishes to feed on. However, the fact that it is not out of control, therefore not in great abundance, means that you will need to offer your fishes extra vegetable matter to supplement their diet.
There are a great variety of vegetable foods that are suitable to feed to your fishes, some possibilities include lettuce and spinach leaves, which must be blanched (briefly boiled) prior to feeding to your fishes, slices of cucumber, peas, and of course there are a number of excellent dried foods available, which include all the right ingredients for vegetarian fishes.
There are some foods that may not have been considered by newcomers to the hobby, which don't come under the category of normal or commercial fare for pet fishes, for example, meat, other fishes, and crustaceans. These foods could be considered as solid foods, and some fish, in particular large Cichlids, do like to have solid food.
Feeding your fishes on high quality flake and live food etc is still recommended, but occasionally you could try small pieces of beef heart (no fat), pieces of mussel or prawn, and pieces of fish, if you're having some fish yourself for a meal, before you cook it, cut a small piece off for your fishes, they'll love it.
If you are a fisherman, it is not wise to feed your fishes with fish that you have caught from natural bodies of freshwater; this carries the risk of introducing diseases into your aquarium. A simple little rule is that you should; feed freshwater fishes with salt water fish, and feed salt water fishes with freshwater fish.
If you follow this rule you will prevent any disease from cross contaminating. One thing that you must not feed to your fishes is bread; this will swell up in their intestinal tract and could cause problems.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
A General Approach to Feeding Tropical Fishes
Your fishes should be interested in the foods that you offer them, and should not hesitate in consuming it readily. Indeed, all of my fishes come to the surface as soon as they see me approach the tanks with their food.
The most important point to be made is not to over feed. The more food the fishes eat the more waste they will produce, this may sound obvious, but when this is combined with any uneaten food that is undoubtedly left over from feeding too much, it causes a problem.
All of this waste will fall to the aquarium floor, and start to decompose, in turn this will produce pollutants that fishes can't tolerate, and could ultimately lead to fatalities. In simple terms, the easiest way to aquarium mismanagement is through overfeeding.
Another important factor is diet; it is a fact that a poor balanced diet will be responsible for a fish's inability to fight off diseases. If a fish is to live a healthy life it must have a well balanced diet.
There was a time when dry foods were only used out of necessity, because its grade could not always be assured. Even now modern flake foods are all too often ignored or dismissed as being less than a complete diet. It's also surprising that many fishkeeping books seem to take a sceptical view of dry foods.
There's no need for this negative attitude. Nowadays it's not too difficult to provide good quality flake food, most flake foods now are of unquestionable origin, they are scientifically developed, and are without a doubt a complete diet.
Commercial foods have progressed to the point now were most species can live a lifetime on a varied diet of high quality dry foods. Indeed, if it weren't for the readily available range of staple flake foods, today's fishkeepers would find it a great problem to feed their fishes.
There are also great advantages with dry foods, they are always available, they can be easily stored; which saves on regular trips to buy them, although it should be noted that the vitamin content does have a limited shelf-life, vitamin content is usually guaranteed until the best before date, this will be on the container.
On the other hand, minerals and trace elements, do have a long shelf-life, and are not adversely affected by prolonged storage. The risk of disease or parasites being introduced into the aquarium with food is completely eliminated with dry foods.
It should however be remembered that not all fishes will thrive if fed on the same diet. For example, you wouldn't think of feeding a cat with lettuce leaves, or a rabbit with beefsteak, it's much the same with fishes. Some species of fish require a vegetable diet, while some need live food, on the other hand there are species that do well when fed on both.
Meat-eaters are referred to as Carnivores
Vegetable-eaters are referred to as Herbivores
Fishes that eat a general diet, i.e. a little of both, are referred to as Omnivores
Mud-eaters are referred to as Limnivores
There are many different types of dry foods, such as: tablets, sticks, granules, wafers, and of course flakes, as well as others. All of these dried foods can be bought in various compositions, depending on the type of fishes you want to feed.
For example, I use sinking algae wafers, or plant chips, for my Plecostomus (mainly Herbivore, although they will eat various worms etc.), and the surface feeders such as my Gouramis, are fed on a high quality flake food, whilst at the same time, my Green Terror (Cichlid, usually Carnivore) likes to feed on the algae wafers and the flake, as well as live food.
So, there is a vast choice of foods available for your fishes, make the most of them and keep your fishes healthy, colourful and happy.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
The First Foods on Which to Feed Your Fish Fry
Once you have successfully bred your fish's and your fry are at the free swimming stage they will be able to feed for themselves. Many species can take brineshrimp as a first food but it is best to start with Infusoria as well.
The fry of egg-layers are initially fed on Infusoria, this is by enlarge an obsolete term, but is still used by fishkeepers to represent a variety of minute or microscopic animal and vegetable organisms, which develop in an infusion of decaying organic matter.
Infusoria cultures can be prepared quite simply; the spores are airborne so there is no need to obtain starter cultures. All you need is an open jar three quarters full of aquarium water, to which you add either a small amount of potato (lightly boiled may be of benefit), banana skin, dried lettuce leaves, or hay, allow this to stand for about a week, after which it will become cloudy with Infusoria.
When it is time to feed the fry just pour a little of this cloudy water into the aquarium, then top up with aquarium water again. If you have a few of these cultures on the go at once it will give you a constant supply of Infusoria.
Brine Shrimps are marine shrimps, which are also available in dried form; they can easily be cultivated from eggs available from some aquatic shops. They will be supplied in sealed airtight containers and it is imperative that they remain in a dry and cool place; otherwise, if they get damp they will fail to hatch.
Take a one litre plastic bottle and half fill it with tap water, the water should be kept at 75 degrees F (24 C), add to it one and a half teaspoons of salt (aquarium or sea salt preferably), then add a quarter of a teaspoon of the eggs.
You will then need to place a piece of airline into the bottle and attach the other end of the airline to an airpump. Run the airpump, which will circulate the eggs in the bottle, after about 36 hours the eggs will have hatched and the shells will float to the surface, at this point you can remove the airline.
Wait for a further 30 minutes and you will see the newly hatched Brineshrimp at the base of the bottle, place a plastic tube into the bottle and siphon the minute shrimps through clean dry linen, nylon, or paper towel. They can now be washed in fresh water and fed to the fish.
Microworms are a minute worm, also bought as a culture; you may be able to obtain a starter culture from another aquarist. Microworms feed on the surface of cereal-based foods, therefore you will need to mix up some oatmeal with a little water (porridge), be sure to only use water.
Let the mixture cool then spread a layer of it, about 1cm (0.4inch) thick, onto the base of a container or saucer, take a small spoonful of the culture and place it onto the porridge, put a lid or cover (which must have a few small air holes in it), over the container, and keep it in a warm place 70 - 75 degrees F (21 - 24C).
After a few days the worms will have multiplied and will be climbing around the sides of the container, you can wipe these off with a small brush and feed them directly to the fry. You will need to start fresh cultures after about five days, after that it starts to turn foul.
All you need to do then is make a fresh porridge mix, and place some of your old culture on to the top of your new porridge mix. If you use about three containers you will have a succession of cultures for continuous use.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
Understanding the Media in Your Aquarium Filters
Media is classed into three categories, Mechanical - Biological - Chemical, each with its own job to do. Mechanical filter materials like filter floss (a synthetic wool), or foam sponge, are very good at removing floating debris from the water, a term referred to as polishing.
As well as making the water clear, its primary function, when used in multi-chambered filters, is to prevent the biological media from clogging. Biological action will occur to a degree on mechanical media as water passes through it. Because of the nature of their job mechanical media require regular cleaning.
Biological or bacterial media should have lots of surface area to perform well. This is where the microscopic bacteria live, and they take up residence in the millions of tiny holes made available to them in the media.
Foam (specifically for aquarium use, non toxic) can be used in this application because of its large surface area, and water easily passes through it supplying the bacterial colony with fresh oxygen and nutrients, indeed, many filters rely on foam as the main medium.
There are many products available claiming very high surface areas, such as biotic rock, ceramic media and sintered glass for example. These products are extremely porous, hence the high surface area. If they were to be flattened out they wouldn't work very well, but the surface area would be huge.
Some claim to have surface areas the size of a doubles tennis court; from a one-litre pack. Bacteria are very tiny and will colonize anything they can cling to, so enough of anything will act as a medium, even the gravel in your tank.
Chemical media is the final stage of filtration, whereby chemical media will change the waters qualities by reaction, and adsorption. Carbon is the most popular chemical filter medium, and is very good at removing pollutants from freshwater and marine aquaria, or rainwater before it is used in your aquarium.
Unlike mechanical media, which can be washed and re-used, or biological media that will last as long as it is colonised by bacteria, carbon will become saturated and have to be renewed. Failure to renew carbon can lead to the pollutants it's collected breaking down and being released back into the water.
Phosphates and nitrates can be removed with the use of various resin-based media, while zeolite, another popular chemical filtration media works by removing ammonia from freshwater aquaria, and releasing less harmful sodium.
Unlike carbon, that must be discarded when used up, washing zeolite in salty water can recharge it; this will flush out the ammonia and replace it with more sodium. In order to keep the nitrification process working efficiently, good aquarium hygiene must be observed, which means regular maintenance, keeping gravel clean, removing debris and uneaten food.
Above all do not overstock or overfeed, this is inviting problems. The aquarium is an enclosed environment, relying on artificial means to survive, and if the media becomes clogged it will dramatically reduce the surface area available for colonisation, and significantly slow down ammonia and nitrite consumption, which in turn will lead to stress in your fishes and outbreaks of disease.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
Evaluating the pH of Your Water for the Aquarium
The term pH refers to the power of hydrogen, and is measured on a logarithmic scale of 0 to 14. As you may have noticed pH is closely linked to water hardness, generally speaking, a higher concentration of salts means a higher pH, and a lower concentration of salts means a lower pH.
A pH of 0.0, the strongest acid, represents a solution normal in hydrogen ions (H+).
A pH of 7.0, is neither acid nor alkaline and considered neutral by having equal numbers of hydroxyl and hydrogen ions.
A pH of 14.0, strongest alkaline, represents a solution normal in hydroxyl ions (OH-)
You would need a thorough knowledge of basic chemistry to understand the true meaning of pH in water, and I don't have any degrees in this subject, so for our purpose we will define acidity and alkalinity in terms of the number of ions found in the water.
If there is an excess of hydrogen ions (H+), then water is said to be acid, if on the other hand there is an excess of the negatively charged hydroxyl ions (OH-), then the water will be alkaline.
pH 8.0 is 100 times more alkaline than pH 6.0 or a 100-fold increase in the negatively charged hydroxyl ion (OH-).
It is necessary to maintain a stable pH, and in the correct range, in order keep tropical fishes healthy and colourful.
As a general guide, egg-laying fishes such as Tetras, Angelfish, and Rasboras prefer a pH of 6.5.
While the live bearing species such as Mollies, Swordtails, and Guppies thrive at pH 7.5.
When keeping a mixed community of tolerant species in the aquarium you could have the pH at a neutral pH of 7.0
Excessively acid or alkaline conditions in the aquarium, as well as pH fluctuations should be avoided, it will cause stress to your fishes, and a stressful environment leads to lower resistance to disease, poor fish colour and poor appetite.
Any changes made to the pH of your aquarium water should be conducted slowly over a number of days to avoid stressing your fishes. A minimum pH of 6.5 is sensible; filters are less efficient below this level due to the reduced growth and survival of nitrifying bacteria.
Species requiring a pH below 6.5 should have frequent water changes to prevent the accumulation of nitrogenous waste. As I mentioned earlier, pH is closely linked to water hardness, if your pH is high then it is probable that your water is high in calcium bicarbonate, which is an effective pH buffer, and acts against processes which try to change pH.
For this reason I use a commercial pH adjuster, which sets the pH at a fixed level. It then holds or buffers the pH at that level and fights against pH rebound (ordinary adjusters only temporarily change pH, and water can very quickly return to its previous condition, this is known as pH rebound).
Unfortunately, there are a number of naturally occurring processes in the aquarium that can threaten to alter the perfect pH that you have provided for your fishes. The filters task of breaking down toxic waste ends in the formation of nitrates, which are a salt of nitric acid and can exhaust the pH buffer and cause sudden drops in pH.
This can be prevented with regular water changes (which are a part of regular maintenance anyway), which will dilute the nitrates; this will be more effective when coupled with a thorough cleaning of any accumulation of debris in the substrate.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is introduced into the water by the respiration of fishes, amongst other things, when this dissolves in the water it forms carbonic acid (C2CO3), this too can add to a drop in pH. Good aeration and circulation assist in the removal of CO2 into the atmosphere, and reduces its effect on pH.
The surface area of an aquarium should be wider than it is deep; this gives a greater surface area for any given volume of water, which aids the gassing off effect of unwanted elements, and is also greatly beneficial for the absorption process.
The two elements, hydrogen and oxygen, are chemically bonded together and are not readily freed. Therefore, fish cannot use the oxygen that is in the water molecules. Water is capable of dissolving many substances, and oxygen is no exception.
Oxygen is constantly being absorbed from the air, by the water's surface and diffuses through it. Fishes utilise the dissolved oxygen from the water by means of gills; then excrete their carbon dioxide waste back out through their gills into the water. In this way gills are comparable to lungs.
Aerating your water with either air stones run from an air pump, or via the venturi of an internal power filter or power head will help in the process of oxygenation, the longer the bubbles take to rise to the surface the better the chance is of oxygen being absorbed from them.
However, that is only part of the process; the slowly rising bubbles are also able to carry waste gases, such as carbon dioxide expelled from your fishes, to the surface and into the atmosphere, which in turn reduces its effect on pH.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com/ for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
The Nitrogen Cycle and Your Aquarium
These nitrifying bacteria can be termed as beneficial or friendly bacteria, without them aquarium inhabitants could not survive. The process begins with Heterotrophic bacteria consuming fish waste, decaying vegetation, and uneaten food, and converting them into ammonia.
Ammonia (NH3) is a colourless, pungent, suffocating gas, a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, and is very soluble in water. The majority of waste produced by fishes is in the form of ammonia, most of which is secreted through the gills. The remainder excreted as faecal matter, is converted to ammonia by Heterotrophic bacteria.
Ammonia is extremely toxic to fishes and must be removed or broken down. Visual signs of fishes succumbing to this toxicity include:
Gasping at the surface Cloudy eyes Frayed fins Listless behaviour Increased mucous production Possible internal and external bleeding (if extreme toxicity exists)
Because of the toxic effects of high levels of ammonia there maybe fatalities, even after ammonia levels are brought under control. Smaller fishes have a higher gill surface area relative to larger fishes; and are therefore more susceptible to ammonia toxicity.
Water changes are the best way to solve ammonia problems. You should do partial water changes over a few days, to bring levels down. Resin-based media or zeolites are available at aquatic shops and are very useful at removing various substances from freshwater aquariums, including ammonia.
Moving fishes to a safe tank will stop the absorption of ammonia immediately, and they can be returned to the main tank when ammonia levels return to zero. If you have a high pH level, you could try reducing it to nearer 7.0, as this will also reduce the ammonia toxicity.
pH is an important factor in controlling many chemical balances, of which ammonia and ammonium are included. pH is logarithmic, and this is the controlling factor over the presence of ammonia or ammonium.
Ammonium (NH4) is less toxic than ammonia, and is formed when ammonia reacts with acids, therefore, if ammonia is present in the aquarium, and the pH of the water is acidic, then ammonia will become ammonium.
As pH rises, so does the toxicity of ammonia, i.e. a pH increase from 7.0 to 8.0 would be a ten-fold increase in the hydroxyl ion, (and decrease in hydrogen concentration) and ultimately a ten-fold increase in ammonia toxicity.
It is therefore necessary to test for ammonia before significantly increasing pH. Ammonia testing will show a zero reading when the nitrogen cycle is working well, and the Nitrosomonas bacteria are consuming the ammonia and converting it into nitrite.
Nitrite (NO2) is also toxic to fishes if it is not removed or converted into nitrates during the nitrogen cycle. Levels above 1ppm need to be removed by carrying out substantial water changes. This should be done on a daily basis for a number of days, testing regularly, until the nitrite level has reduced to zero.
Moving fishes to a safe tank will stop the absorption of nitrites immediately. They can then be returned to your main tank when nitrite readings show zero. Symptoms of nitrite toxicity include:
Listlessness Gasping at the surface Blood and gills turning brown
Nitrite is also dependent on pH, and if pH drops below 6.5, when nitrite is present in the water, the nitrite will convert to nitrous acid. This too, is very toxic to fishes.
Nitrate (NO3) is the end product of the nitrogen cycle, and is relatively non-toxic; although in high concentrations can still be a problem. Nitrite is converted into nitrate by the bacteria Nitrobacter, and the presence of nitrates in a freshwater aquarium indicates that the nitrification process is working.
Some species are more tolerant than others to nitrate, but a sensible approach would be to keep levels below 50ppm (mg/l). Some of the symptoms of nitrate toxicity would be:
General poor health Poor growth Poor colouring Less tolerance to disease
Nitrates are an essential food source for plants and algae, so if you encourage healthy plant growth in your aquarium, levels will be reduced. Otherwise, if tests show high levels, it would indicate a partial water change is necessary.
Regular partial water changes when carried out during maintenance will usually keep it under control anyway. Ammonia and Nitrite levels will tend to be at their highest in the first 4 to 6 weeks of establishing a new aquarium. This is usually known as new tank syndrome.
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) is an extremely poisonous gas that smells like rotten eggs, even in small concentrations it can cause a quick death. It is produced during the decay of organic matter that contains sulphur, and by the action of dilute acid on the sulphides (acid aquariums being at risk).
The usual cause in the aquarium is probably one of neglect, by not keeping the substrate clean of dirt and debris, thereby allowing the decay to build up. An early indication of this problem can be a sudden bloom of algae.
The poisonous gas affects fishes by binding the iron of the bloods haemoglobin, which blocks the absorption of oxygen; this causes symptoms, which include:
Respiratory problems Gasping at surface Unusual colouration of the gills
Regular aquarium maintenance, being sure to clean all debris from the substrate, will prevent the problem arising.
About the Author
For more information about freshwater tropical fishkeeping please visit my site at http://www.freshwatertropicalfishkeeping.com for 30 years or more of fishkeeping experience.
There Is Nothing More Relaxing Than To Fly A Remote Control Gas Airplane
There could be nothing as rewarding and relaxing than being in a park, flying a remote control gas airplane on a weekend or in the evening, after a hard day at work or school. May be you are one of those, who think that this is a child play and can't fancy yourself doing such a thing. Well, think again. Flying RC gas airplane is not only for kids, but even an adult can find this a good way to relax and have fun. And, if you are thinking of how to get started, well, just begin, and I can assure, there will be no turning back. You can start as an 'amateur pilot' and slowly graduate to be a professional to fly more complicated models of RC airplanes.
Remote control gas airplanes are basically model airplanes, which are controlled by a radio control, which is held by the flyer. This radio sends programmed signals to a receiver, which is built in the model aircraft. These models are powered by gas, mostly Methanol or gasoline and sometimes even diesel. Though they are noisier than electric models, these aircrafts are cheaper and one can check the fuel level with ease, to avoid engine failure and disappointments.
RC gas airplanes come in different types. For those, who are just starting to fly, Park Flyers and Trainers will be a good option to settle for at the initial stage. Park Flyers are so called, since they are small enough to be flown around a normal public park and can be docile enough to be controlled, even in an enclosed areas like a gym or dancing hall. They are inexpensive and easily controlled. Trainers are coined from the real trainer planes used to train pilots. These models too have easy, but fun filled controls, making them a good way to ignite the child in you. After getting acquainted with these models, you can now advance to glow plug engine, and sailplane aircraft and when you are an expert pilot, turn to jets, helicopters, pylon racers, 3D aircraft, and autogyros. There are also a variety of complex aircrafts, that can be used for competitions.
Its fun to fly a remote control gas airplane, but it would be more fun, if you can assemble it yourself from the scratch and bring it to flying. RC gas planes may come as pre-assembled models commonly known as 'ready to fly'. Besides, there are semi-assembled kits, (almost ready to fly), Balsa kits and kits which come totally unassembled. The unassembled kits are quite challenging to put them together. But that is where the fun lies. They come with a construction manual, which you can easily follow and assemble them.
May be as a kid you dreamt of flying a plane high in the skies. Now, it's the time to make your dream come true. Embrace the hobby and calm your nerves to be a high flyer. Venture into various models of RC gas aircrafts that are available and become an 'ace pilot'!
About the Author
Victor Epand is an expert consultant for model planes and model helicopters. You can find the best marketplace for model planes and model helicopters here: http://www.sellmodelplanes.com/ , http://www.sellmodelfighterplanes.com/ , and http://www.sellmodelhelicopters.com/ .
2008年4月22日 星期二
做人不能太CNN ???
CNN 是指美國有線新聞網絡，是一間全球知名的美國傳媒
成句大約係解「做人唔好好似CNN咁，太過虛偽和不真實」。
在「3‧14」西藏騷亂中，中國網民指責CNN採用裁剪照片，虛構新聞的造假手法編輯其網站內容，大量中國民眾對CNN進行了抵制和反擊，其中包括建立一個專用網站Anti-CNN.com。並流行「做人別太CNN」的金句。
CNN在轉播北京奧運火炬在舊金山傳遞時，主持人卡弗蒂曾發表攻擊中國的言論，指中國產品是垃圾，及指過去五十年裡中國人基本上一直是一幫暴民和匪徒。在北京時間4月15日，中國外交部發言人姜瑜就CNN主持人攻擊中國言論，表示震驚和強烈譴責，要求CNN和其節目主持卡弗蒂本人收回惡劣言論，並向全體中國人民道歉。
CNN暫時未回應北京道歉要求 。
What Kind Of Costumes Do Celebrities Wear, And Why?
If you think that normal people are the only ones that dress up in costumes you need to think again. Celebrities seem to dress up in costumes for fun every week. From actors to politicians, the more famous you are it seems the more you like to dress up as a pirate. In fact Washington, DC and Hollywood have the highest costume sales (not counting studios) per capita in the country. There are many different reasons why they do this (parties, special events, psychological damage, etc.), but the main reason why they do it is for the same reason that we do it, it's fun!
So now that you know that celebrities dress up, I bet you are thinking that it would be fun to dress up in some of the same costumes that celebrities wear. Now the question is, what do they wear? It really depends on the celebrity's personality and their age. The younger the celebrity, the wilder their costumes are going to be. Either way you look at it, celebrities come up with some pretty creative ideas when it comes to costumes, and that is why so many people like to try and copy them.
The first thing that you have to know is that most celebrities make their own costumes. All the best costumes are always custom made, it's as simple as that. You can't buy something off the shelf mass produces in China and expect it to be unique! The next thing that you need to know is what they dress up in. For the most part, depending on the party or event, celebrities try and dress in something that is insidery, sexy or silly. The truth is, unless you live in a conservative third world middle eastern commune, sexy is in, and you can see that in the choices of costumes that some celebrities wear. If you like Holly Madison from the hit TV show “The Girls Next Doorâ€, then you are going to want to dress up as a Disney Princesses like she does. So far, Holly has dressed up as almost every Disney Princess there is at every event you can imagine. Keep in mind, however, that her versions of the Disney characters are a little bit more revealing than how the characters originally appeared. Of course, that is fine, because that makes it more fun, and dressing up in a costume is supposed to be fun!
Some other popular choices that celebrities seem predisposed to wear are things like fairy outfits, as well Egyptian costumes. The males, however, usually have a different approach to what they like to wear. A disproportionate number of male celebrities like to dress up as Huge Hefner (the man who started Playboy). This is because Huge Hefner is 1. a man that everyone knows and is 2. easy to dress up like. All the celebs seem to do is to wear a red robe and carry a pipe, and suddenly the paparazzi laugh and the journalists wink wink and they get gobs of press. That is pretty much all they need to top off the look. However, a few celebrities have brought up the fact that it also helps if you can have a few friends dress up like Playmates to follow you around (after all Huge Hefner is hardly ever seen without a girl with him).
Just like everyone else, celebrities love to dress up. The reason they like to dress up is for the same reason that we dress up in costumes, and that is because it's fun. People love to be able to put on an outfit and pretend to be something that they are not for a few hours. It's kind of relaxing.
Which HDTV Should You Buy?
What You Need to Know About HDTV
If you are reading this then I presume that you are either interested in HDTV's or are thinking of purchasing one. Think no more, make the switch now! You might ask why would you want to change your old television set for a HDTV? Well, the main reason is that an old television set does not have digital superiority, and HDTV's are gorgeous to look at!
With HDTV's, digital superiority is one of their many features. The difference is particularly evident when viewing movies. The details are crystal clear and when it focuses on a certain item, that item seems to be magnified for you, as if it is really in front of you.
HDTV's also feature progressive scanning and digital audio. It is completely balanced. You cannot really enjoy the full cinematic viewing experience if the sound is not really clear. Well, there's no need to worry there. With the digital technology, the audio makes you feel as if you are really there, right in the thick of the action.
There are also no more ghost images. By ghost images, we are talking about a certain blur on the things you watch on TV that makes them look like they are ghosts. These can be highly annoying but are a thing of the past with HDTV. You can also watch DVDs in a much better way and with greater satisfaction because HDTV's have a better quality DVD playback.
Common television sets are based on the aspect ratio of four to three (4:3). This ratio means that the television can be measured with an approximation of its height of three feet, and a width of four feet.
However, the aspect ratio of an HDTV is, drumroll please, a whopping sixteen is to nine (16:9). This makes the image an HDTV gives out much much wider! In fact, the screen size of an HDTV is thirty three percent wider!
The width that is increased indicates a huge improvement since it permits you to view tv sitcoms and movies that you like, as if you were watching them in the cinema, just minus the loud snoring guy behind you and the couple that never seem to gasp for air in their kissing spree in front of you!
Just in case you do not know, when you are watching whatever it is that you are watching on a 16:9 screen, you are actually making use of your peripheral vision. The utility of your peripheral vision will definitely make you feel like you are part of the program that you are watching.
The director of ABC's Monday night football, Norm Samat, did a feed about HDTV. And she vouched for the wonder that HDTV's can bring. She said that once you look at the pictures on your HDTV, you would seem like you entered a sort of trance because you actually see more than what is really shown!
Now in terms of football, the sixteen is to nine (16:9) aspect ratio makes a big difference. In the old four to three (4:3) aspect ratio, it was often a very tricky to have all of the action covered on one screen. On a HDTV, they are already in your picture, so you can actually get to see more of the play, and also more of the development of the play.
In conclusion, HDTV is the future and is becoming increasingly popular and commonplace. This also brings a final problem. With new technology comes confusion as to what system you need exactly. With HDTV sets costing hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars, it is well worth ensuring that you read up what you are buying to ensure that you get the right system for you and not waste your hard earned money! This is where a HDTV Buyers Guide comes in useful. You can get a free HDTV buyers report at: http://www.which-hdtv.info/.
Relevant Ads Increase Adsense Profits
One way to know if the ads are working is to monitor the click-through-rate (CTR) on a page. If it’s low, it’s usually an indication that once a visitor arrived at your page using a certain keyword, that visitor did not find any ads relevant to that keyword.And unfortunately for you, the visitor found no reason to click on the ads.
How do I know this? It happened on my website. On one of my sites, I had a page dedicated to PHP programming (a programming language). The page had a low CTR.Upon further examination of the page, I noticed that not one of the ads was related to programming or even to technology.
What I did notice was that the ads were related to guitars. Guitars? I thought to myself, “What relevance do guitars have to PHP programming?” And I imagined visitors to my site wondered this as well.
After studying the ads, I noticed that one word seemed to keep jumping out at me.The word was “strings” as in guitar strings. Well strings are used in programming too,but Google was not able to make this distinction which is why it was generating guitar ads!
The solution to this problem was simple. I removed from my web page the words“string” and “strings” (or I just used another word in place of string or strings). After Google found this page again and updated its view of it, the guitar ads were replaced with relevant ads. And best of all? CTR on this page immediately increased and so did my advertising income!
If you have a page with a low CTR, you may need to tweak your text so AdSense generates ads that are more relevant to the page. When making these types of changes to your web pages, use the same ideas you use for search engine optimization. Why?
Because Google uses the same logic to determine the appropriate AdSense ads to display on your page as it does to determine if your article should rank high for “blue widgets.”
Some areas on your page that might need a bit of text tweaking include:
• The title of the page
• The H1-tags used in the page
• The number of occurrences of the keywords in the text of the article25
• Changing the filename (this can be very effective, but only do this for new pages that are not yet in the search engines or you risk losing traffic)
One word of advice: Don’t forget that your keywords determine your search engine rankings so take small steps when changing keywords.
And remember, the only ads that will bring you the extra AdSense income you’re looking for are relevant ads!
About The Author
Bas de Baar is the author of the e-book "Analyzing AdSense For Niche Websites." To learn how you can increase online profits by testing and analyzing what will work for YOU, go to: http://www.affiliatepotion.com/.
Reduce Your Debt Burden With "Debt Consolidation"
Debt consolidation is a process to lower the burden of your due debts. It helps you find a way in which all your previous debts are combined together and are replaced with a new financial help. This is done chiefly to provide you a lower rate option and to keep you away from the hassle of different repayments with different rates. The rate you get on the new finance represents alone for several of rates on your previous debts. Thus, here you are provided with a single installment options that is too molded making it comfortable to your financial condition.
The financial help that replaces your debts can be availed either in secured form or in unsecured form. The secured form is backed by collateral have a lower rate, while the unsecured form is collateral free and keep somewhat higher rate. Thus, it depends on your personal convenience that which forms will best suit there.
To get the best help in such condition, you can contact debt consolidation companies that are specialized on the subject. These companies are available online also that can suggest you best way to come out from your debt burden situation. These companies negotiate a better rate either with the current lenders or even with others too. After assessing your financial situation these companies help you find the best options that are always feasible to your financial condition.
Debt consolidation helps you get an alternative that rescue you from the debt burden condition. It helps you find a low cost alternative that reduces your debt burden and enable you to repay the debts even with your current financial condition.
By Antonio Vargas : Antonio Vargas has been associated with Student Loan Debt Consolidation. To find Debt Consolidation, Student loan, student loan debt, consolidate student loan in the uk visit http://www.studentloandebtconsolidation.co.uk/
Action Game
When it comes to the shooter game, this is mostly and best played when it is in three dimensional arrangements. With this type of play, you do not need to strategically put some defense paraphernalia but instead; you come equipped with guns and other kinds of arsenals. What do you do? You run around a certain area where you and your comrades are trying to kill your enemies. It's this or you run around a certain place and basically kill each other. The end goal: last man standing wins the game. Hail! When it comes to action online games, though, you don't necessarily kill somebody. It's more on doing something that will lead you to a certain end goal.
However, if you really think about it carefully, the shooter and the strategy game can be classified under one big umbrella called action game. Among the very first action games is, of course, the Mario Brothers. As you can remember, you basically collect coins; try to grow big by eating those cute mushrooms, duck the fireballs and jump on those black guys before they send you back to level one. The end goal is to save the princess. Talk about the Prince and the Pauper kind of story line. Another popular action game is Diner Dash. In this game, you have to help the waitress Flo wait on the tables, be efficient in getting the orders, delivering the food ordered to the certain customer, give them their tab, collect the money, clean the tables and wash the dishes.
Simple, eh? The main goal of this online game is that you get enough money through the restaurant in order to help save the town. There are many more new action games available on the internet for you to download. There's the Starship Ranger wherein you have to save the Mother Planet in good time since she is being invaded by extraterrestrials and you are the last hope of the Planet. Another is the Funny Chewer. This is for those who still haven't gotten over Pacman and Bomber. This game is loaded with real good music, comes in three dimensional graphics and a lot of skill levels providing for a fun and adsorbing, if not addicting, game time.
Nikola Jankovic
Hobbies
1) Games: A game is a structured or semi-structured recreational activity, usually undertaken for enjoyment (although sometimes for physical or vocational training). A goal that the players try to reach and a set of rules concerning what the players can or cannot do create the challenge and structure in a game, and are thus central to its definition.Many games help develop practical skills and serve as exercise or perform an educational, simulational or psychological role & also roaming.
I am very much intersted to play Badminton, its very interesting game for me.
2) Music: Musical composition is a great outlet for creative people who know or are learning to play a musical instrument. While composing music can be a self learned topic, there are many great tips and hints that can help you on your journey. There are many great websites with theories and explanations regarding composition. For those who would like to get started with computer composition there are great software products, few of them are Finale, FlexiMusic Kids Composer(for kids) Composer for young peoples and professionals, Noteworthy..., you can try out for free. Also for more in-depth lessons there are some great books teaching the basics and advances issues dealing with musical composition.
3)Cooking: Cooking is an act of preparing food for eating. It encompasses a vast range of methods, tools and combinations of ingredients to improve the flavour or digestibility of food. It generally requires the selection, measurement and combining of ingredients in an ordered procedure in an effort to achieve the desired result.
4) Photography: Some people are very intersted to make an unique photos, few people would seroiusly like to do astrophotography, what is it? It means,it is a specialized type of photography that entails making photographs of astronomical objects in the sky such as the Moon, Sun, planets, stars, and deep sky objects such as star clusters and galaxies.
There are more and more interesting hobbies out there, so people should realize their interest and do it as hobby, at future it will create you an expert of your capacity and interest.
Aurthor : Venish
Blogging Really Is An Exciting Way To Write On-Line
A web log or blog is personal web page allowing an easy inputting of text, images and other features creating a log of the owner's views and opinions. It is accessible to the owner wherever they are thus it became the most popular democratic online developments today.
It is also referred simply as an online diary and is designed to be shared with as many people as possible.
Blogs are usually open documents on the web providing interesting opportunities to experiment for young's people own recording of their involvement process. Session recording is a facility offering an interesting on-line version fro project workers and a regular youth work practice.
Blogging became the common way of expressing and communicating on the net, along with e-mail, chat rooms, message boards and instant messaging.
The use of blogs was encouraged among young people and youth workers thus approximately 50% of all blogs was crated and maintained by 13 to 19- years- olds. The space is available for personal use, free of charge and is not accessible to others without the owner's permission to view it.
How to get started?
You need the diary, images, links to websites that people likes and links to other blog sites to attract visitors and create an interesting experience in a blog however, awareness of attracting unwelcome visitors should be observed properly treating any communication or contract from a stranger with extreme caution. HP is not liable for any contacts or communication connected with the use of web log.
How to blog in five easy steps?
- Sign-up for a weblog account. The easiest way of blogging is having an access to the different free web log publishing sites.
You can find them by typing 'weblogs' or 'web logs' into a search engine besides it is normally free and provides you with all the publishing tools needed like an area to type your text into before the blog goes live. - Choose a name for your blog. To give your blogging site an interesting title, using pseudonyms that most people use is encouraged. It is also recommended to tell your kids not to put any personal details into their blogs for safety purposes.
- Create a weblog template. This is not a problem because the weblog publishing site made this very easy. Ranges of templates to get you up, running it as quickly and easily possible are provided however creating your own template is another option to choose from. This is often attractive to kids because they have the fun of choosing the colors, designs and type of fonts used.
- Start blogging. You can start writing after the template has been chosen. The fun part was you, your kids or whoever is blogging can write anything that comes to mind. It sometimes advised to write about their day at school if the kids are a bit stuck.
- Don't just write. Remember blogging is not only writing down thoughts or descriptions of the day thus good blogs made links to other blog sites and interesting websites that suits your personality.
Kids could links to their favorite football team or band adding links to blogs set up by their friends. Among the bloggers, these links provide a real sense of community.